ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to detect the effect of raisedliver enzyme in pregnancy.Methods: A retrospective data analysis was performed on 100patients with abnormal liver dysfunction admitted in theobstetric unit of hospital were studied prospectively and whowere willing to participate and provide required information atAkij Ad-Din Medical College and Hospital, Khulna during theperiod 2017 to 2019.Results: 72.5% were un-booked, of low parity and belonged tolower socio-economic status; 87.5 % of pregnant womenpresented in third trimester of pregnancy. The most commonpresenting complaint was oedema (25%) followed by yellowdiscoloration of urine and visual symptoms with headache.16.75% women had liver disorder which were not specific topregnancy and consisted of infective hepatitis, malaria andsickle cell disease, whereas 83.25 % women had pregnancyspecific liver dysfunction. 37% patients had abortion followedby 15% had hepatic abscess, 14% had acute renal failure.Conclusion: From our study we can conclude that, Abnormalliver functioning enzyme is greatly affected in women duringpregnancy. If a systematic approach is adopted, the cause isoften apparent. Early and timely join care by the obstetric andmedical team can bring the best results in this so far grimsituation in the developing world.
ABSTRACT
Background: Combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) is the most commonly used contraceptive method in Bangladesh. This COCP may have some effects on different organs including lungs. Objective: To observe the effects of combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) on FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/ FVC% in apparently healthy women receiving COCP. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka between July 2013 and June 2014. A total 30 apparently healthy young women, age ranged 20 to 30 years were included in this study who were combined oral contraceptive pill users (COCP-U) for at least 6 months. Thirty age and BMI matched combined oral contraceptive pill nonusers (COCP-NU) were taken as control. FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC% of all the subjects were measured by digital spirometer. Statistical analysis was done by Independent sample ‘t’ test. Results: FVC (p<0.001), FEV1 (p<0.001) were significantly higher whereas, FEV1/FVC% (p<0.05) was significantly lower in COCP-U than those of COCP-NU. Moreover, the mean serum estrogen (p<0.001) and progesterone (p<0.05) levels were also significantly higher in COCP-U in comparison to those of COCP-NU. Conclusion: From the result of this study it can be concluded that COCP have beneficial effects on some pulmonary function parameters.
ABSTRACT
Background: Carcinoma of cervix is the most common malignancy in female and a major public health problem worldwide. It is the leading cause of death from cancer among women in low resource settings. In Bangladesh, mortality rate is high as most of the cases with cervical cancer are diagnosed in advanced stage. World Health Organization considers cervical cancer as a preventable disease as it can be identified in preinvasive stage. Considerable efforts have been given in detection and treatment of the condition all over the world. A number of cervical cancer screening tests are available. Among them, visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid is rational and can be competently performed by physicians with proper training. Objective: To find out the feasibility of the visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid for the detection of the precancerous lesions of the cervix in our country. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional, analytical study was carried out among the patients attending the outpatient department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) who were VIA positive and sent for colposcopy in the colposcopy clinic in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in BSMMU from June to December 2004. Two hundred samples were considered for this study. Results: Out of 200 cases, colposcopically 85% had CIN and invasive lesions, 4% had inflammatory lesions while 11% had normal findings. Colposcopy directed punch biopsy revealed positive lesions in 81%, 4% had inflammatory lesions while 15% had normal findings. Conclusion: The study concluded that VIA and colposcopy are the important methods in the evaluation of cervical premalignancy. VIA may be an important tool for screening of cervical cancer in low resource settings as it is simple, easy to perform and cost-effective. After screening, VIA positive cases must be referred for colposcopic evaluation. We can screen cervical cancer by VIA all over the country and thus reduce morbidity and mortality rate.
ABSTRACT
In the present study the in vitro antimicrobial activity, along with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), of different extracts of leaves of Mussaenda roxburghii Hook. f. were evaluated against 13 pathogenic microorganisms. The methanol extract and its carbon tetrachloride and chloroform soluble fractions showed the highest antimicrobial activity. The chloroform soluble fraction showed the maximum inhibition zone of 16.0 mm against Bacillus megaterium with MIC and MBC values of 7.81 ug/ml and 250 ug/ml, respectively. Ciprofloxacin (30 ug/disc) was used as standard antimicrobial agent. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, both the petroleum-ether and carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of crude methanol extract demonstrated strong cytotoxic activity with LC50 value of 0.52 and 0.62 ug/ml, respectively compared to that of 0.451 ug/ml exhibited by standard vincristine sulfate.
En el presente estudio, la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro, junto con la concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) y la concentración bactericida mínima (CBM), de diferentes extractos de las hojas de Mussaenda roxburghii Hook. f. fueron evaluadas contra 13 microorganismos patógenos. El extracto metanólico y sus fracciones solubles en tetracloruro de carbono y cloroformo mostraron la actividad antimicrobiana más alta. La fracción soluble en cloroformo mostró la zona de inhibición máxima de 16,0 mm en contra de Bacillus megaterium, con valores de MIC y CBM de 7,81 g/ml y 250 mg/ml, respectivamente. Ciprofloxacina (30 ug/disco) se usó como agente antimicrobiano estándar. En el bioensayo de letalidad con Artemia salina, tanto el petróleo-éter y tetracloruro de carbono como la fracción soluble del extracto de metanol crudo demostraron una fuerte actividad citotóxica con valores de LC50 de 0,52 y 0,62 mg/ml, respectivamente, en comparación con la de 0,451 mg/ml de sulfato de vincristina utilizado como estándar.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Rubiaceae/chemistry , Gram-Negative Bacteria , Gram-Positive Bacteria , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Methanol , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Toxicity TestsABSTRACT
Investigation with the crude methanol extract of Allamanda cathartica leaves and its different fractions were carried out to evaluate its possible thrombolysis and cytotoxic activities. A quick & rapid methodology (In-vitro Thrombolytic model) was applied to find out their thrombolytic potential where streptokinase and water were employed as a positive and negative controls, respectively. Among the extractives, the chloroform (CSF) and hexane (HSF) soluble fractions showed 34.51±0.669% and 32.179±0.581% clot lysis activity respectively compared to standard streptokinase which exhibited 61.5% lysis of clot. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay method, the LC50 values of the test samples of A. cathartica leaves were assayed where DMSO and Vincristine sulphate were used as solvent & as positive control respectively. The chloroform, hexane and carbon tetrachloride soluble fractions showed significant cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp nauplii and LC50 values were 1.45, 5.00 and 5.24 μg/ml respectively.